Large electric field at the nightside plasmapause observed by the Polar spacecraft

Modulation of nightside polar patches by substorm activity

Results are presented from a multi-instrument study showing the influence of geomagnetic substorm activity on the spatial distribution of the high-latitude ionospheric plasma. Incoherent scatter radar and radio tomography measurements on 12 December 2001 were used to directly observe the remnants of polar patches in the nightside ionosphere and to investigate their characteristics. The patches ...

Nematic Polar Anchoring Strength Measured by Electric Field Techniques

We analyze the high-electric-field technique designed by Yokoyama and van Sprang @J. Appl. Phys. 57, 4520 ~1985!# to determine the polar anchoring coefficient W of a nematic liquid crystal-solid substrate. The technique implies simultaneous measurement of the optical phase retardation and capacitance as functions of the applied voltage well above the threshold of the Frederiks transition. We de...

Whistlers observed by the Cluster spacecraft outside the plasmasphere

A comparison between ion characteristics observed by the POLAR and DMSP spacecraft in the high-latitude magnetosphere

We study here the injection and transport of ions in the convection-dominated region of the Earth’s magnetosphere. The total ion counts from the CAMMICE MICS instrument aboard the POLAR spacecraft are used to generate occurrence probability distributions of magnetospheric ion populations. MICS ion spectra are characterised by both the peak in the differential energy flux, and the average energy...

extensions of some polynomial inequalities to the polar derivative

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